Verses Revealed in Honor of ‘Ali — part 2/3

Jabir ibn Abdullah reports: I and a group of the companions were in the presence of the Holy Prophet when some of them brought up the issue of paradise. The Holy Prophet said: Truly, the first man who walks in paradise is ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib. Abu-Dujanah Ansari said: O Messenger of Allah! You said: Paradise is forbidden for prophets before your entrance and also forbidden for the nations of former prophets before the entrance of your Ummah! The Holy Prophet (S) said: Yes, Abu-Dujanah. But do you not know that God has a banner of light whose club is from ruby with the inscription “there is no god but Allah, Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah, and Muhammad’s household is the best”? One who carries that banner enters the plain of The Resurrection Yard before all people. He will go to paradise before me. That banner holder is no one but ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib, pointing to him with his hand. Abu-Dujanah says: The Messenger of Allah made ‘Ali happy with this good tiding. Then the Messenger of Allah said: Praise be to Allah who honored us with you.

The Holy Prophet (S) also said: O ‘Ali! Congratulations to you! There is no servant of Allah who has accepted your love and God will not gather him with us on the Day of Judgment. Then the Holy Prophet; recited the aforesaid verse.⁹⁸ God states:

“And when a description of the son of Marium is given, lo! Your people raise a clamor thereat” (43:57).

Addressing ‘Ali, the Messenger of Allah said: O ‘Ali! There is a sign of Jesus in you. An extremist group were annihilated due to their love for him, and another group were annihilated due to their enmity with him. Hearing this, the hypocrites said: He is not ready to compare ‘Ali to anything less than Jesus, the son Mary! At this time, the verse

“and of those whom We have created are a people who guide with the truth and thereby they do justice” (7:181).⁹⁹

قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?فَأَذَّنَ مُؤَذِّنٌ بَيْنَهُمْ? عَنْ أَبِي جَعْفَرٍ الْبَاقِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ قَالَ: هُوَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ. وَقَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?إِذَا دَعَاكُمْ لِمَا يُحْيِيكُمْ? عَنِ البَاقِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ: دَعَاكُمْ إلَى وِلاَيَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ. وَقَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?فِي مَقْعَدِ صِدْقٍ عِنْدَ مَلِيكٍ مُقْتَدِرٍ?

عَنْ جَابِرِ بْنِ عَبْدِ اللهِ قَالَ: كُنَّا عِنْدَ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ فَتَذَاكَرَ أَصْحَابُهُ الْجَنَّةَ فَقالَ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ: إنَّ أَوَّلَ أَهْلِ الْجَنَّةِ دُخُولاً إلَيْها عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. قَالَ أَبُو دُجَانَةَ الأَنْصَارِيُّ: يَا رَسولَ اللهِ، أَخْبَرْتَنَا أَنَّ الْجَنَّةَ مُحَرَّمَةٌ عَلَى الأَنْبِيَاءِ حَتَّى تَدْخُلَهَا وَعَلَى الأُمَمِ حَتَّى تَدْخُلَهَا أُمَّتُكَ. قَالَ: بَلَى يَا أَبَا دُجَانَةَ. أَمَا عَلِمْتَ أَنَّ للهِ لِوَاءً مِنْ نُورٍ وَعَمُوداً مِنْ يَاقُوتٍ مَكْتُوبٌ عَلَى ذَلِكَ النُّورِ: لاَ إِلَهَ إلاَّ اللهُ، مُحَمَّدٌ رَسُولِي، آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ خَيْرُ الْبَرِيَّةِ، صَاحِبُ اللِّوَاءِ إِمَامُ الْقِيَامَةِ. وَضَرَبَ بِيَدِهِ عَلَى عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. قَالَ: فَسَرَّ رَسُولُ اللهِ بِذَلِكَ عَلِيَّاً فَقالَ: الْحَمْدُ للهِ الَّذِي كَرَّمَنَا وَشَرَّفَنَا بِكَ. فَقالَ لَهُ: أَبْشِرْ يَا عَلِيُّ. مَا مِنْ عَبْدٍ يَنْتَحِلُ مَوَدَّتَكَ إلاَّ بَعَثَهُ اللهُ مَعَنَا يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ. ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ: ?فِي مَقْعَدِ صِدْقٍ عِنْدَ مَلِيكٍ مُقْتَدِرٍ?.

قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَلَمَّا ضُرِبَ ابْنُ مَرْيَمَ مَثَلاً إِذَا قَوْمُكَ مِنْهُ يَصُدُّونَ? عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ: إِنَّ فِيكَ مَثَلاً مِنْ عِيسَى؛ أَحَبَّهُ قَوْمٌ فَهَلَكُوا فِيهِ، وَأَبْغَضَهُ قَوْمٌ فَهَلَكُوا فِيهِ. فَقَالَ الْمُنَافِقُونَ: أَمَا رَضِيَ لَهُ مَثَلاً إلاَّ عِيسَى؟ فَنَزَلَتْ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَمِمَّنْ خَلَقْنَا أُمَّةٌ يَهْدُونَ بِالْحَقِّ وَبِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ?

Imam ‘Ali (a.s) has been quoted by Zadhan as saying: This Ummah will be divided into seventy three groups (sects)! Seventy two groups are in fire and one group go to paradise and they are the ones for whom this verse was revealed. They are no one but me and my followers. God Almighty states:

“And that the retaining ear might retain it” (69:12).¹⁰⁰

Buraydah reports: Addressing ‘Ali, the Messenger of Allah said: God has decreed I should bring you close to myself, to teach you sophisticated knowledge, for there is no one who can retain it save you. It is incumbent on God to place His knowledge where it is safe from harms. Then, this verse was revealed.¹⁰¹

Makhul has reported: The Messenger of Allah recited this verse. Turning to ‘Ali, he said: I called on God Almighty to give you retaining ear which retains divine knowledge and Qur’anic verses.¹⁰² God states:

“What! Do you make (one who undertakes) the giving of drink to the pilgrims and the guarding of the sacred Mosque like him who believes in Allah and the latter day and strives hard in Allah’s way? They are not equal with Allah; and Allah does not guide the unjust people. Those who believed and fled (their homes), and strove hard in Allah’s way with their property and their souls, are much higher in rank with Allah; and those are they who are the achievers (of their objects) (9:19-20).

This verse was revealed about ‘Ali.

God states:

“You will see them bowing down, prostrating themselves” (48:29).¹⁰³

Imam Kazim (a.s) said: This verse was revealed in honor of ‘Ali.¹⁰⁴ God states:

“and those who speak evil things of the believing men and the believing women without their having earned (it)” (33:58).

Muqatil ibn Sulayman reports: This verse was revealed about ‘Ali, for a group of hypocrites spoke evil things of him with false accusation. God states:

“And they say: we believe in Allah and in the Apostle and we obey” (24:47).¹⁰⁵

Ibn Abbas says: This verse was revealed about ‘Ali and a man of Quraysh who had bought a piece of land from him.¹⁰⁶

عَنْ زَاذَانَ عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ: تَفْتَرِقُ هَذِهِ الأُمَّةُ عَلَى ثَلاَثٍ وَسَبْعِينَ فِرْقَةً؛ إثْنَتَانِ وَسَبْعُونَ فِي النَّارِ وَوَاحِدَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ. وَهُمُ الَّذِينَ قَالَ لَهُمُ اللهُ تَعالَى: ?وَمِمَّنْ خَلَقْنَا أُمَّةٌ يَهْدُونَ بِالْحَقِّ وَبِهِ يَعْدِلُونَ? وَهُمْ أَنَا وَشِيعَتِي. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَتَعِيَهَا أُذُنٌ وَاعِيَةٌ?

عَنْ بُرَيْدَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ لِعَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ: إنَّ اللهَ أَمَرَنِي أَنْ أُدْنِيَكَ وَلاَ أُقْصِيَكَ وَأَنْ أُعَلِّمَكَ وَأَنْ تَعِيَ، وَحَقٌّ عَلَى اللهِ أَنْ تَعِيَ. فَنَزَلَتْ. وَعَنْ مَكْحُولٍ: قَالَ: قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ ثُمَّ أَقْبَلَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ فَقالَ: إنِّي سَأَلْتُ اللهَ أَنْ يَجْعَلَهَا أُذُنَكَ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?أَجَعَلْتُمْ سِقَايَةَ الْحَاجِّ…? إلَى قوله: ?وَأُولَئِكَ هُمُ الْفَائِزُونَ?

نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?تَرَاهُمْ رُكَّعاً سُجَّداً? عَنِ الْكَاظِمِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ أَنَّها نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَالَّذِينَ يُؤْذُونَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُؤْمِنَاتِ بِغَيْرِ مَا اكْتَسَبُوا? عَنْ مُقَاتِلِ بْنِ سُلَيْمَانَ: أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ، وَذَلِكَ أَنَّ نَفَراً مِنَ الْمُنَافِقِينَ كَانُوا يُؤْذُونَهُ وَيُكَذِّبُونَ عَلَيْهِ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَيَقُولُونَ آمَنَّا بِاللهِ وَبِالرَّسُولِ وَأَطَعْنَا? عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: أَنَّهَا نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ وَرَجُلٍ مِنْ قُرَيْشٍ إبْتَاعَ مِنْهُ أَرْضاً.

God Almighty states:

“And He it is Who has created man from the water, then He has made for him blood relationship and marriage relationship” (25:54).

This verse was revealed in honor of ‘Ali and Fatimah.¹⁰⁷ The verse

“the possessors of relationship have the better claim in the ordinance of Allah to inheritance, one with respect to another, than (other) believers, and (than) those who have fled (their homes) (33:6).

It is said that the person described here is ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib who was a believer, a Muhajir and a relative of the Messenger of Allah. God states:

“Give good news to those who believe that theirs is a footing of firmness with their Lord” (10:2).¹⁰⁸

Imam Sadiq (a.s) has been quoted by Jabir as saying: This verse was revealed about the Wilayah of ‘Ali. God states:

“And the foremost are the foremost, these are they who are drawn nigh (to Allah)” (56:10-11).¹⁰⁹

Ibn Abbas reports: Yusha ibn Nun was the foremost in believing in prophet Moses (a.s), the believer of Ilyas believed in Jesus and ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib believed in the Messenger of Allah and was the foremost. God states:

“This day have I perfected for you your religion” (5:3).¹¹⁰

Abu-Said reports: This verse refers to ‘Ali’s Wilayah in Ghadir Khum when the Messenger of Allah raised ‘Ali’s hand, appointing him as the leader of Muslims. The Holy Prophet then gladly said: Allah is the Greatest; religion became perfect with Wilayah; Allah is pleased with my prophethood and ‘Ali’s (Divinely commissioned) leadership.¹¹¹

God states:

“And among men is he who sells himself to seek the pleasure of Allah” (2:207).

It is noteworthy that this verse was revealed the night ‘Ali spent in the place of the Holy Prophet on his bed and was ready to sacrifice his life for the Messenger of Allah. God states:

“O you who believe! Obey Allah and obey the Apostle and those in authority” (4:59).¹¹²

Abd al-Ghaffar ibn Qasim reports: I asked Imam Sadiq (a.s) who are those in authority in this verse? (who those in authority are in this verse.) The Imam said: By God, ‘Ali is one of them.

قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَهُوَ الَّذِي خَلَقَ مِنَ الْمَاءِ بَشَراً فَجَعَلَهُ نَسَباً وَصِهْراً? هُوَ عَلِيٌّ وَفَاطِمَةُ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلام. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَأُولُوا الأَرْحَامِ بَعْضُهُمْ أَوْلَى بِبَعْضٍ فِي كِتَابِ اللهِ مِنَ الْمُؤْمِنِينَ وَالْمُهَاجِرِينَ? قِيلَ: ذَلِكَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ، لأَِنَّهُ كَانَ مُؤْمِناً مُهَاجِراً ذَا رَحِمٍ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَبَشِّرِ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا أَنَّ لَهُمْ قَدَمَ صِدْقٍ?

عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ قَالَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي وِلاَيَةِ عَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَالسَّابِقُونَ السَّابِقُونَ أُولَئِكَ الْمُقَرَّبُونَ? قَالَ ابْنُ عَبَّاسٍ: يُوشَعُ بْنُ نُونٍ سَبَقَ إلَى مُوسَى بْنِ عِمْرَانَ، وَمُؤْمِنُ آلِ يَس سَبَقَ إلَى عِيسَى بْنِ مَرْيَمَ، وعَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ سَبَقَ إلَى رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ. وَقَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?اَلْيَوْمَ أَكْمَلْتُ لَكُمْ دِينَكُمْ…?

عَنْ أَبِي سَعِيدٍ: حَدِيثُ غَدِيرٍ خُمٍّ وَرَفْعُهُ بِيَدِ عَلِيٍّ، فَنَزَلَتْ. فَقالَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ: اللهُ أَكْبَرُ عَلَى إِكْمَالِ الدِّينِ وَإِتْمَامِ النِّعْمَةِ وَرِضَا الرَّبِّ بِرِسَالَتِي وَالْوِلاَيَةِ لعَلِيِّ بْنِ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَمِنَ النَّاسِ مَنْ يَشْرِي نَفْسَهُ ابْتِغَاءَ مَرْضَاتِ اللهِ? نَزَلَتْ فِي مَبِيتِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ عَلَى فِرَاشِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?أَطِيعُوا اللهَ وَأَطِيعُوا الرَّسُولَ وَأُولِي الأَمْرِ مِنْكُمْ? عَنْ عَبْدِ الغَفَّارِ بْنِ القَاسِمِ قَالَ: سَأَلْتُ جَعْفَرَ بْنَ مُحَمَّدٍ عَلَيْهِمَا السَّلامُ عَنْ أُولِي الأَمْرِ فِي هَذِهِ الآيَةِ، فَقالَ: كَانَ وَاللهِ عَلِيٌّ مِنْهُمْ.

God states:

“And an announcement from Allah and His Apostle to the people to the people on the day of the greater pilgrimage (9:3).”

This verse was revealed when ‘Ali announced Surah Bara’ah to the atheists.¹¹³ Ahmad ibn Hanbal reports in Musnad: This verse was revealed when the Messenger of Allah gave Surah Bara'ah to Abu-Bakr to take to Mecca. Then he sent ‘Ali after him, saying: This verse cannot be conveyed by anyone other than me and someone from me. This is what God Almighty has recommended through Gabriel. God states:

“a good final state shall be theirs and a goodly return” (13:29).¹¹⁴

Muhammad ibn Sirin reports: Tuba is a tree in paradise whose root is in ‘Ali’s house and a branch of it is in every house in paradise. God states:

“But if We should take you away, still We shall inflict retribution on them” (43:41).¹¹⁵

Ibn Abbas reports: God will inflict retribution on those who are ‘Ali’s enemies and will punish them.

God states:

“He has made the two seas to flow freely (so that) they meet together” (55:19).¹¹⁶

Anas reports: The two seas that meet together are ‘Ali and Fatimah and

“there come forth from the pearls both large and small” (55:22).

The pearls are Hasan and Husayn.¹¹⁷ Ibn Abbas reports: Those two seas are ‘Ali and Fatimah

“between them is a barrier which they cannot pass” (55:20).

Between the two is the Holy Prophet and the pearls are Hasan and Husayn. God states:

“Say! I do not ask of you any reward for it but love for my near relatives.” (42:23).¹¹⁸

Ibn Abbas reports: I asked the Messenger of Allah about near relative. The Holy Prophet said: Those whose love is incumbent upon you are ‘Ali, Fatimah, Hasan, and Husayn. He repeated this three times.

God states:

“and he who brings the truth and (he who) accepts it as the truth” (39:33).¹¹⁹

Imam Baqir has been quoted as saying: One who brought the truth was Muhammad and one who accepted the truth was ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib.¹²⁰

قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَأَذَانٌ مِنَ اللهِ وَرَسُولِهِ إلَى النَّاسِ يَوْمَ الْحَجِّ الأَكْبَرِ? هُوَ حِينَ أَذَّنَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ بِالآيَاتِ مِنْ سُورَةِ بَرَاءَةَ. مِنْ مُسْنَدِ أحْمَدَ بْنِ حَنْبَلٍ: حِينَ أَنْفَذَهَا مَعَ أَبِي بَكْرٍ وَأَتْبَعَهُ بِعَلِيٍّ وَقالَ: قَدْ أُمِرْتُ ألاَّ يُبَلِّغَهَا إلاَّ أنَا أَوْ أَحَدٌ مِنِّي.

قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?طُوبَى لَهُمْ وَحُسْنُ مَآبٍ? عَنْ مُحَمَّدِ بْنِ سِيرِينَ قَالَ: هِيَ شَجَرَةٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ أَصْلُهَا فِي حُجْرَةِ عَلِيٍّ وَلَيْسَ فِي الْجَنَّة حُجْرَةٌ إلاَّ وَفِيهَا غُصْنٌ مِنْ أَغْصَانِهَا. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?فَإِمَّا نَذْهَبَنَّ بِكَ فَإِنَّا مِنْهُمْ مُنْتَقِمُونَ? عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: مُنْتَقِمُونَ بِعَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ.

قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?مَرَجَ الْبَحْرَيْنِ يَلْتَقِيَانِ? عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: عَلِيٌّ وَفَاطِمَةُ. ?يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُمْا اللُّؤْلُؤُ وَالْمَرْجَانُ? قَالَ: الْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ. وَعَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: عَلِيٌّ وَفَاطِمَةُ. ?بَيْنَهُمَا بَرْزَخٌ? النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ. ?يَخْرُجُ مِنْهُمْا اللُّؤْلُؤُ وَالْمَرْجَانُ? الْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِمْ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?قُلْ لاَ أَسْأَلُكُمْ عَلَيْهِ أَجْراً إِلاَّ الْمَوَدَّةَ فِي الْقُرْبَى? عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ قَالَ: سُئِلَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ: مَنْ هَؤُلاَءِ الَّذِينَ يَجِبُ عَلَيْنَا حُبُّهُمْ؟ قَالَ: عَلِيٌّ وَفَاطِمَةُ وَابْنَاهُمَا - قَالَها ثَلاثَ مَرَّاتٍ -. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَالَّذِي جَاءَ بِالصِّدْقِ وَصَدَّقَ بِهِ?

عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ: نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ. وَعَنِ البَاقِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ: ?الَّذِي جَاءَ بِالصِّدْقِ? مُحَمَّدٌ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ، وَالَّذِي ?صَدَّقَ بِهِ? عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ.

God states:

“And most surely those who do not believe in the hereafter are deviating from the way” (23:74).¹²¹

In this relation Imam ‘Ali has been quoted as saying: These people are those who refuse to accept our Wilayah. God states:

“Whoever brings good, he shall have better than it; and they shall be secure from terror on that day. And whoever brings evil, there shall be thrown down on their faces into the fire.” (27:89).¹²²

Imam ‘Ali (a.s) has said: Doing good is love for us and doing evil is enmity with us. God states:

“and the dwellers of the most elevated places shall call out to men whom they will recognize by their marks” (7:48).¹²³

Imam ‘Ali (a.s) has said: We are the companions of the elevated places. Whomever we recognize as our followers by their marks, we will guide to paradise.¹²⁴

“Can he be held equal with his (‘Ali) who enjoins what is just, and he (himself) is on the right path?” (16:76)

“Peace be on the family of Yasin (37:130).”

“And whoever has knowledge of the Book” (13:43).

God states:

“Then as for him who is given his book in his right hand” (69:19).

Ibn Abbas has been reported as saying: Al-Yasin is the household of the Holy Prophet who has said: We are the fateful Book of Bani Israel and the one who has knowledge of the Book is ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib. One who is given his book in his right hand and goes to paradise is ‘Ali. The one who orders justice is also ‘Ali.

God states:

“Allah only desires to keep away the uncleanness from you, O people of the house, and to purify you a (thorough) purifying.” (33:33).¹²⁵

Hafiz ibn Mardawayh has reported more than a hundred narrators as saying: This verse is about Muhammad, ‘Ali, Fatimah, Hasan, and Husayn, and no one shares this merit with them.¹²⁶

قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَإِنَّ الَّذِينَ لاَ يُؤْمِنُونَ بِالآخِرَةِ عَنْ الصِّرَاطِ لَنَاكِبُونَ? عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ قَالَ: نَاكِبُونَ عَنْ وِلاَيَتِنَا. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?مَنْ جَاءَ بِالْحَسَنَةِ فَلَهُ خَيْرٌ مِنْهَا وَهُمْ مِنْ فَزَعِ يَوْمِئِذٍ آمِنُونَ. وَمَنْ جَاءَ بِالسَّيِّئَةِ فَكُبَّتْ وُجُوهُهُمْ فِي النَّارِ? قَالَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ: الْحَسَنَةُ حُبُّنَا، وَالسَّيِّئَةُ بُغْضُنَا. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَنَادَى أَصْحَابُ الأَعْرَافِ رِجَالاً يَعْرِفُونَهُمْ بِسِيمَاهُمْ?

عَنْ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ قَالَ: نَحْنُ أَصْحَابُ الأَعْرَافِ؛ مَنْ عَرَفْنَاهُ بِسِيمَاهُ أَدْخَلْنَاهُ الْجَنَّةَ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?هَلْ يَسْتَوِي هُوَ وَمَنْ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَهُوَ عَلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ? وَقَوْلُهُ: ?سَلاَمٌ عَلَى إِلْ يَاسِينَ?

وَقَوْلُهُ: ?وَمَنْ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ الْكِتَابِ? وَقَوْلُهُ: ?فَأَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ? عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: ?آلُ يس? آلُ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَنَحْنُ كَبَابِ حِطَّةِ بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ. ?وَمَنْ عِنْدَهُ عِلْمُ الْكِتَابِ? عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ. وَ?أَمَّا مَنْ أُوتِيَ كِتَابَهُ بِيَمِينِهِ? عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. ?وَمَنْ يَأْمُرُ بِالْعَدْلِ وَهُوَ عَلَى صِرَاطٍ مُسْتَقِيمٍ? قِيلَ: هُوَ عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ.

قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيراً? أَوْرَدَ الْحَافِظُ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهَ مِنْ أَزْيَدَ مِنْ مِائَةِ طَرِيقٍ أَنَّهَا فِي مُحَمَّدٍ وَعَلِيٍّ وَفَاطِمَةَ وَالْحَسَنِ وَالْحُسَيْنِ صَلَوَاتُ اللهِ عَلَيْهِمْ أَجْمَعِينَ.

Abul-Hamra’ has been quoted by Abu-Abdullah Muhammad ibn Imran Marzubani as saying: I was serving the Messenger of Allah for nine or ten months. During this time, whenever the Holy Prophet intended to go to the mosque to perform his morning prayer, he would first go to the door of ‘Ali’s house, would greet them and from behind the door, Fatimah, ‘Ali, Hasan, and Husayn too would greet him back. Then, he would say: Rise up for prayer. May Allah have mercy on you. The Holy Prophet then, recited the following verse:

“Is he to whom We have promised a goodly promise which he shall meet with” (28:61).¹²⁷

Mujahid says: This verse was revealed about ‘Ali.

God states:

“Surely Allah will make those who believe and do good deeds enter gardens beneath which rivers flow” (22:23).¹²⁸

This verse is said to be about ‘Ali, Hamzah, and Ubaydah ibn Harith, who fought ‘Utbah, Shaybah, and Walid in the battle of Uhud. As for the unbelievers, the verse “these are two adversaries who dispute about their Lord” (22:19) was revealed and the other verse says: “and taste the chastisement of burning” (22:22).¹²⁹

God states:

“And We will root out whatever of rancor is in their breasts-(they shall be) as brethren, on raised couches, face to face” (15:47).

Abu-Hurayrah reports: ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib said to the Holy Prophet (S): O Messenger of Allah, which one of us do you love more, me or Fatimah? The Holy Prophet said: I love Fatimah more than you but you are dearer to me than Fatimah! I can see you at the Pond with cups of water as many as the stars. A group of people who are deviated from the path of your Wilayah are rejected by you. To prove your sublime position, it would suffice to say on that day Hasan, Husayn, Fatimah, Aqil, and Jafar are sitting on raised couches, face to face. Another station of yours is that you along with your followers have a place near me in paradise. Then, the Messenger of Allah recited the aforesaid verse and said: You will be so glad to see one another that no one takes his look from the face of others and does not look back.

وَرَوى أَبُو عَبْدِ اللهِ مُحَمَّدُ بْنُ عِمْرَانَ الْمَرْزُبَانِيُّ عَنِ أَبِي الْحَمْرَاءِ قَالَ: خَدَمْتُ النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ نَحْوَ تِسْعَةِ أَشْهُرٍ أَوْ عَشَرَةٍ؛ عِنْدَ كُلِّ صَلاَةِ فَجْرٍ لاَ يَخْرُجُ مِنْ بَيْتِهِ حَتَّى يَأْخُذَ بِعُضَادَتَيْ بَابِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: السَّلاَمُ عَلَيْكُمْ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ. فَيَقُولُ فَاطِمَةُ وَعَلِيٌّ وَالْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ: وَعَلَيْكَ السَّلامُ يَا نَبِيَّ اللهِ وَرَحْمَةُ اللهِ وَبَرَكَاتُهُ. ثُمَّ يَقُولُ: الصَّلاَةَ رَحِمَكُمُ اللهُ ?إِنَّمَا يُرِيدُ اللهُ لِيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمُ الرِّجْسَ أَهْلَ الْبَيْتِ وَيُطَهِّرَكُمْ تَطْهِيرًا?. قَالَ: ثُمَّ يَنْصَرِفُ إلَى مُصَلاَّهُ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?أَفَمَنْ وَعَدْنَاهُ وَعْداً حَسَناً فَهُوَ لاَقِيهِ…? عَنْ مُجَاهِدٍ: نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَحَمْزَةَ.

قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?إنَّ اللهَ يُدْخِلُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ جَنَّاتٍ تَجْرِي مِنْ تَحْتِهَا الأَنْهَارُ? قِيلَ: نَزَلَتْ فِي عَلِيٍّ وَحَمْزَةَ وَعُبَيْدَةَ بْنِ الْحَارِثِ حِينَ بَارَزُوا عُتْبَةَ وَشَيْبَةَ وَالْوَلِيدَ. فَأَمَّا الْكُفَّارُ فَنَزَلَ فِيهِمْ ?هَذَانِ خَصْمَانِ اخْتَصَمُوا فِي رَبِّهِمْ…? إلَى قوله: ?عَذَاب الْحَرِيقِ? وَفِي عَلِيٍّ وَأَصْحَابِهِ: ?إنَّ اللهَ يُدْخِلُ الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا وَعَمِلُوا الصَّالِحَاتِ…?

قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَنَزَعْنَا مَا فِي صُدُورِهِمْ مِنْ غِلٍّ إِخْوَاناً عَلَى سُرُرٍ مُتَقَابِلِينَ? عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ قَالَ: قَالَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ: يَا رَسولَ اللهِ، أَيُّمَا أَحَبُّ إلَيْكَ أَنَا أَمْ فَاطِمَةُ؟ قَالَ: فَاطِمَةُ أَحَبُّ إِلَيَّ مِنْكَ وَأَنْتَ أَعَزُّ عَلَيَّ مِنْهَا، وَكَأَنِّي بِكَ وَأَنْتَ عَلَى حَوْضِي تَذُودُ عَنْهُ النَّاسَ وَأنَّ عَلَيْهِ الأَبَارِيقَ مِثْلَ عَدَدِ نُجُومِ السَّمَاءِ، وَأَنْتَ وَالْحَسَنُ وَالْحُسَيْنُ وَفَاطِمَةُ وَعَقِيلٌ وَجَعْفَرٌ فِي الْجَنَّةِ إِخْوَاناً عَلَى سُرُرٍ مُتَقَابِلِينَ. أَنْتَ مَعِي وَشِيعَتُكَ فِي الْجَنَّةِ. ثُمَّ قَرَأَ رَسُولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ: ?إِخْوَاناً عَلَى سُرُرٍ مُتَقَابِلِينَ? لاَ يَنْظُرُ أَحَدُهُمْ فِي قَفَا صَاحِبِهِ.

God states:

“Delighting the sowers that He may enrage the unbelievers” (48:29).¹³⁰

Imam Sadiq (a.s) says: The powerful man who amazes the unbelievers and makes them angry is ‘Ali ibn Abi-Talib. God states:

“And bow down with those who bow down” (2:43).¹³¹

Ibn Abbas has been quoted as saying: This verse was revealed in honor of the Messenger of Allah and ‘Ali, for both of them were the first ones who bowed down and performed prayer.

The abovementioned narrations have been all related by Hafiz ibn Mardawayh. In relation to the verse

“I swear by the star when it goes down” (53:1),

Khawarizmi has quoted Anas as saying: During the life of the Holy Prophet (S) a star from among other stars was coming down. At this moment, the Messenger of Allah turning to his companions, said: Look at this star. On whosever house it comes down, he will be my executor and successor! They kept on looking at the star to see on whose house it would come down, given that they all wished they would be blessed with this dignity. However, since no one but ‘Ali deserved such merit, they saw with their own eyes that the star came down on ‘Ali’s house. At this time, the following verse was revealed to the Holy Prophet:

“or do they envy the people for what Allah has given them of His grace?” (4:54).¹³²

Imam Baqir (a.s) has been reported by Jabir as saying about this verse: We are the people whom others envy due to having merits.

God states:

“And when your Lord brought forth from the children of Adam, form their backs, their descendants” (7:172).¹³³

Asbagh ibn Nubatah recited this verse to ‘Ali. Hearing it, ‘Ali started to weep, saying: Verily, I remember the day when God took the covenant of servitude from us, the children of Adam! God states:

“Surely I will make you an Imam of men” (2:124).¹³⁴

Ibn Masud reports: The Holy Prophet said: I am what my father Ibrahim desired! We said: O Messenger of Allah! You are what your father Ibrahim desired? The Holy Prophet said: Yes, God Almighty revealed to Ibrahim by saying: I will make you an Imam of men. Being happy for this glad tiding, Ibrahim said: O Lord! Make my

قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?يُعْجِبُ الزُّرَّاعَ لِيَغِيظَ بِهِمُ الْكُفَّارَ? عَنِ الصَّادِقِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ قَالَ: هُوَ عَلِيُّ بْنُ أَبِي طَالِبٍ. قَوْلُهُ عَزَّ وَجلَّ: ?وَارْكَعُوا مَعَ الرَّاكِعِينَ? عَنِ ابْنِ عَبَّاسٍ: نَزَلَتْ فِي رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ وَعَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ خَاصَّةً. وَهُمَا أَوَّلُ مَنْ صَلَّى وَرَكَعَ. هَذَا كُلُّهُ نَقَلَهُ ابْنُ مَرْدَوَيْهَ عَنْ مُسْنَدِ الْجُمْهُورِ وَنَقَلَ الخَوارِزْمِيُّ زِيَادَةً عَلَى ذَلِكَ: فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعالَى: ?وَالنَّجْمِ إِذَا هَوَى?

بِإسْنَادِهِ عَنْ أَنَسٍ قَالَ: إنْقَضَّ كَوْكَبٌ عَلَى عَهْدِ رَسُولِ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ. فقَالَ رَسولُ اللهِ: أُنْظُرُوا إلَى هَذَا الْكَوْكَبِ؛ فَمَنِ انْقَضَّ فِي دَارِهِ فَهُوَ الْخَلِيفَةُ مِنْ بَعْدِي. فَنَظَرُوا فإذا هُوَ قَدِ انْقَضَّ فِي مَنْزِلِ عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ، فَأَنْزَلَ اللهُ تَعالَى: ?وَالنَّجْمِ إِذَا هَوَى. مَا ضَلَّ صَاحِبُكُمْ وَمَا غَوَى. وَمَا يَنْطِقُ عَنِ الْهَوَى. إِنْ هُوَ إِلاَّ وَحْيٌ يُوحَى?

وَقَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?أَمْ يَحْسُدُونَ النَّاسَ عَلَى مَا آتَاهُمُ اللهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ? عَنْ جَابِرٍ عَنِ البَاقِرِ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ فِي قَوْلِهِ تَعالَى: ?أَمْ يَحْسُدُونَ النَّاسَ عَلَى مَا آتَاهُمُ اللهُ مِنْ فَضْلِهِ? قَالَ: نَحْنُ النَّاسُ.

وَقَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?وَإِذْ أَخَذَ رَبُّكَ مِنْ بَنِي آدَمَ مِنْ ظُهُورِهِمْ ذُرِّيَّتَهُمْ? قَرَأَ الأَصْبَغُ بْنُ نُبَاتَةَ عَلَى عَلِيٍّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ هَذِهِ الآيَةَ فَبَكَى عَلِيٌّ عَلَيْهِ السَّلامُ وَقالَ: إنِّي لأَذْكُرُ الْوَقْتَ الَّذِي أَخَذَ اللهُ تَعالَى عَلَيْنَا فِيهِ الْمِيثَاقَ. قَوْلُهُ تَعالَى: ?إِنِّي جَاعِلُكَ لِلنَّاسِ إِمَاماً?

بِإسْنَادِهِ إلَى عَبْدِ اللهِ بْنِ مَسْعُودٍ قَالَ: قَالَ رَسولُ اللهِ صَلَّى اللهُ عَلَيْهِ وَآلِهِ: أَنَا دَعْوَةُ أَبِي إِبْرَاهِيمَ. قُلْنَا: يَا رَسولَ اللهِ، وَكَيْفَ صِرْتَ دَعْوَةَ أَبِيكَ إِبْرَاهِيمَ؟ قَالَ: أَوْحَى اللهُ عَزَّ وَجلَّ إلَى إبْرَاهِيمَ: إِنِّي جَاعِلُكَ لِلنَّاسِ إِمَامـاً، فَاسْتَخَفَّ بِـإبْرَاهِيمَ الْفَرَحُ فَقَالَ: يَـا رَبِّ وَمِنْ

progeny Imam like me! God conveyed to him through revelation: I will never promise anything which I will not fulfill. Ibrahim asked: What is that promise? God said: I will not give Imamate and leadership of My servants to any oppressor from your progeny! Ibrahim said: O Lord! Bless me and my children not to worship idols, for a large group of people have been misled by idols! O Lord, purify me and my children. This prayer of Ibrahim was answered about me and ‘Ali, for we two have never worshipped any idol. Hence, God appointed me as prophet and ‘Ali as my successor and executor. God states:

“a niche in which is a lamp” (24:35).¹³⁵

‘Ali ibn Jafar has been quoted by Musa ibn Qasim and Muhammad ibn Sahl Baghdadi as saying: I asked Abul Hasan (a.s): What is niche in this verse? He said: Niche is Fatimah and lamp is Hasan and Husayn. “in a glass, (and) the glass is as it were a brightly shining star” He then said: Fatimah is the brightly shining star among the world women. “…lit from a blessed olive tree…” The olive tree is the tree of Ibrahim (a.s).

“…neither eastern nor western, the oil whereof almost gives light though fire touch it not, light upon light, Allah guides to His light whom He pleases…”

God states:

“And do not kill your people; surely Allah is Merciful to you” (4:29).¹³⁶

Khawarizmi on the authority of Ibn Abbas says: You people, do not kill the Ahl al-Bayt of your prophet, for they are like your souls and above all the reason behind your existence. God states:

“Allah has promised those among them who believe and do good, forgiveness and a great reward” (48:29).¹³⁷